
Species Profile
Redwing
Turdus iliacus
Redwing
Quick Facts
Conservation
NTNear ThreatenedAlso known as: Red-winged Thrush
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Appearance
The Redwing is a small thrush with distinctive rusty-red flanks and underwing. Its upperparts are brown, while the underparts are white with dark streaks. A prominent pale stripe above the eye contrasts with its dark brown head.
Both sexes look similar, both with black eyes, a yellow bill with a black tip, and pinkish legs. Juveniles appear similar to adults but have pale streaks on the upperparts and lack the characteristic rusty flanks.
Winter plumage is slightly duller than breeding plumage, but the red flanks remain a key identifier year-round.
Identification & Characteristics
Colors
- Primary
- Brown
- Secondary
- Red
- Beak
- Brown
- Legs
- Pink
Attributes
Understanding Attributes
Rated 0–100 based on research and observation. A score of 50 is average across all bird species. These attributes are relative and don't necessarily indicate superiority.
Habitat & Distribution
Redwings breed in northern Europe and Asia, from Iceland to eastern Siberia. They prefer open woodlands, forest edges, and tundra with scattered trees for nesting. During winter, they migrate south to milder climates.
In the UK, Redwings are common winter visitors, arriving in large numbers from October onwards. They can be found in a variety of habitats including fields, parks, and gardens across the British Isles. They rarely forage in towns and cities, so head to the countryside for your best chance.
Distribution
Where to See This Bird
Explore regional guides for locations where this bird has been recorded.
United Kingdom
Wales
England
Northern Ireland
Cambridgeshire
Scotland
Rutland
Bedfordshire
Buckinghamshire
Berkshire
Bristol
Cheshire
Cornwall
Cumbria
Derbyshire
Devon
Dorset
Durham
East Riding of Yorkshire
Essex
East Sussex
Gloucestershire
Hampshire
Herefordshire
Hertfordshire
Isle of Wight
Kent
Merseyside
Lancashire
Leicestershire
Lincolnshire
London
Manchester
Northumberland
Norfolk
Northamptonshire
Nottinghamshire
North Yorkshire
Oxfordshire
South Yorkshire
Tyne and Wear
West Midlands
Suffolk
Shropshire
Somerset
Surrey
Staffordshire
Stockton-on-Tees
Warwickshire
Wiltshire
West Yorkshire
Worcestershire
West Sussex
Diet
Redwings primarily feed on invertebrates such as earthworms, insects, snails, and spiders during the breeding season. They find a lot of their prey searching through leaf litter.
In autumn and winter, they switch to a more frugivorous diet, consuming berries and fruits, particularly rowan, hawthorn, and holly.
These birds rarely visit bird feeders, although they could be tempted with apples and mealworms in snowy conditions when they are more likely to venture into gardens.
Behaviour
Redwings are often seen foraging on the ground in flocks, probing for invertebrates with quick, jerky movements. During migration, they travel in large groups, often at night.
In breeding territories, males become fiercely protective, chasing away intruders with aggressive displays.
Calls & Sounds
The Redwing's call is a thin, high-pitched 'tseep' or 'sip', often heard during nocturnal migration. Its song is a varied, melodious warble reminiscent of other thrushes but with a distinctive, slightly melancholic quality. In flight, they produce a soft, whistling 'seeip' sound.
Nesting & Breeding
Redwings form monogamous pairs during the breeding season, which typically begins in May. Males establish territories and attract females with melodious songs.
Nests are cup-shaped structures made of grass, moss, and mud, usually placed low in trees or shrubs. Females lay 4-6 pale blue eggs with brown speckles. Both parents share incubation duties.
The incubation period lasts about 13 days, with chicks fledging after another 10-14 days. Pairs often raise two broods per season in favourable conditions.
Conservation
Listed as Near Threatened, Redwing populations are declining in parts of their range due to habitat loss and climate change.
Conservation efforts focus on preserving breeding habitats in northern Europe and maintaining suitable wintering grounds in southern regions.
Elevation
Up to 1,000 meters
Additional Details
- Predators:
- Main predators of Redwings include Sparrowhawks, Peregrine Falcons, and other birds of prey. Ground-nesting individuals are also vulnerable to foxes and domestic cats.
Birdwatching Tips
- Look for Redwings in open fields and parks during the winter months
- Listen for their thin, high-pitched call, especially at night during migration
- Observe flocking behaviour with other thrush species like Fieldfares
- In the UK, check berry-laden hedgerows and orchards in autumn and winter
Did You Know?
- Redwings can travel up to 800 km (around 500 miles) in a single night during migration.
- They have excellent night vision, allowing them to navigate and forage in low light conditions.
- Redwings are known to form mixed flocks with Fieldfares, another thrush species, during winter.
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