Oriental Honey-buzzard

The Oriental Honey-buzzard is a large raptor. Males are typically lighter than females. Its appearance is quite variable, with plumage ranging from pale to dark brown. A distinctive feature is its crest, which varies in length depending on the subspecies.

This species shows considerable variation across its range, with different populations showing distinct characteristics in size, colouring, and crest development.

While generally brown in colour, individuals can show various patterns of barring on their underparts, and some may display a distinctive dark marking on their chests.

The Oriental Honey-buzzard is generally quiet but becomes more vocal during the breeding season. Its call is a high-pitched, drawn-out whistle, often described as 'pee-yew' or 'pee-oo'.

During courtship, pairs may engage in a series of rapid, piping calls.

• Look for them soaring high in the sky with flat wings
• Observe near forested areas, especially during migration seasons
• Listen for their high-pitched, whistling calls
• Watch for their distinctive head-bobbing behaviour when perched

The Oriental Honey-buzzard primarily feeds on the larvae and combs of bees and wasps. They also consume other insects, small vertebrates, and occasionally fruits.

Their specialised face feathers and scale-like head plumage protect them from stings as they raid nests of social insects.

Breeding typically occurs from April to August, varying by region. Oriental Honey-buzzards form monogamous pairs and engage in aerial displays during courtship.

Nests are constructed high in trees, often near the trunk or a main fork. The nest is a platform of sticks lined with green leaves. Females usually lay 2 eggs, which are white with brown markings.

Both parents participate in incubation, which lasts about 30-35 days. The young fledge after 40-45 days but may remain dependent on their parents for several more weeks.

Oriental Honey-buzzards are known for their unique feeding behaviour, using their specialised feathers around the face to protect against bee stings while raiding nests.

They are often seen soaring on thermals with flat wings, occasionally performing slow, deep wingbeats. These birds are generally solitary but may gather in small groups during migration.

While the Oriental Honey-buzzard is currently listed as Least Concern, it faces threats from habitat loss and degradation in parts of its range. 

Conservation efforts focus on protecting forested areas and monitoring populations, particularly along migration routes.